Apalachee language

Apalachee
Native toUnited States
RegionFlorida
EthnicityApalachee
Extinctearly 18th century
Muskogean
  • Eastern
    • Apalachee
Language codes
ISO 639-3xap
xap
Glottologapal1237

Apalachee was a Muskogean language of Florida. It was closely related to Koasati and Alabama. Apalachee was found to belong to the same branch of the Muskogean family as Koasati, Alabama, and Hitchiti.

The language is known primarily from one document, a letter written in 1688 to Charles II of Spain. Geoffrey Kimball has produced a grammatical sketch and a vocabulary of the language based on the contents of the letter.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n
Plosive plain p t tʃ k ⟨c, g⟩
voiced b
Fricative plain f s h
lateral ɬ ⟨lz⟩
Approximant w ⟨gu, w⟩ l j ⟨y⟩

Orthography is only shown where it differs from the IPA.

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i
Close-mid o
Open a

Vowels may also be elongated.

References

  1. ^ Broadwell, George A. (1992). Reconstructing Proto-Muskogean Language and Prehistory: Preliminary results. 3, en. 2. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.72.4700.
  2. ^ Haas, Mary R. (April 1949). "The Position of Apalachee in the Muskogean Family". International Journal of American Linguistics. 15 (2). University of Chicago Press: 121–127. doi:10.1086/464031.
  3. ^ Kimball, Geoffrey (April 1987). "A Grammatical Sketch of Apalachee". International Journal of American Linguistics. 53 (2). University of Chicago Press: 136–174. doi:10.1086/466050. JSTOR 1265142.
  4. ^ Kimball, Geoffrey (October 1988). "An Apalachee Vocabulary". International Journal of American Linguistics. 54 (4). University of Chicago Press: 387–398. doi:10.1086/466093. JSTOR 1265100.
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